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Spark screen. The spark screen is a wire mesh screen placed directly in front of the fire to keep sparks and embers from popping out of the firebox. Sometimes the spark screen is replaced by glass doors, which serve the same purpose.
Grate. The grate is a metal stand that supports the logs in the firebox and allows proper airflow under the logs when the fire is burning.
Lower damper. The lower damper is a metal plate located directly above the firebox. The lower damper must be opened when the fireplace is used. When the fireplace is not in use, the lower damper should remain closed.
Upper damper. The upper damper is an optional heat-saving device that can be installed to prevent heat loss through the fireplace and chimney when the fireplace is not in use. The upper damper is mounted at the top of the chimney and is operated by a cable extending down into the firebox. When the upper damper is closed, it forms an airtight seal, preventing cold air from entering through the chimney. The upper damper must be opened when the fireplace is in use.
Flue. The flue carries smoke to the roof and is commonly referred to as the "chimney." All flues should be lined to minimize the heat transfer to the surrounding wood structures.
Chimney cap. The chimney cap is an optional device used to keep animals and water out of the chimney. During fireplace use, the chimney cap's screens keep large burning embers from escaping up the chimney and onto the roof.
